3 mai

Crusading bands led by Count Emicho of Flonheim turned on the Jewish communities of the Rhine, offering baptism or death. At Speyer the bishop protected most of them; at Worms, Mainz and in the villages round Cologne he could not.

The king of Kongo took the name João I, after the king of Portugal, eight years after Diogo Cão reached the Congo’s mouth. His son Afonso made Kongo a Catholic kingdom.

Nzinga a Nkuwu took the name João I. His son Afonso I made Christianity the kingdom’s faith, and Afonso’s son Henrique was consecrated a bishop in Rome’s church in 1518. The ruins of the cathedral at Mbanza Kongo are among the oldest church remains in sub-Saharan Africa.

Katsu Kaishū for the Tokugawa and Saigō Takamori for the imperial army agreed to hand over the castle without a fight, sparing a city of a million people the assault that had been planned. Japanese calendar: Keiō 4, 4th month, 11th day

From the Golden Krone at Bistritz to the castle, where Jonathan Harker goes to close the sale of Carfax to Count Dracula and ends a prisoner. His diary breaks off on 30 June; the period ends with it.

Harker, a solicitor’s clerk from Exeter, opens the book in shorthand, two days out of Munich on his way to Count Dracula’s castle. At the Golden Krone Hotel in Bistritz a letter is waiting for him: “Welcome to the Carpathians. I am anxiously expecting you.” He has spent his spare hours in the…

Raja Harishchandra: India’s first featureRaja Harishchandra

Dadasaheb Phalke decided to make Indian films after watching a film on the life of Christ in Bombay. No actress would take the part of Queen Taramati, so a young man, Anna Salunke, played her. The mythological story set the pattern for Indian cinema’s first decades.

In United States v. Paramount Pictures the Court ruled the majors’ grip on distribution illegal. They had to end block booking and sell their cinema chains, just as television arrived to take their audience.

Kasparov steered the machine into a slow position and won in 45 moves.

The rematch, in a small television studio on the 35th floor of the Equitable Center. The upgraded Deep Blue searched about 200 million positions a second on 480 custom chess chips. The winner took $700,000, the loser $400,000.

Europe’s laboratory for the cargo bay: a pressurised module, built for ESA in Bremen, in which scientists worked in shirtsleeves on flights of one to two weeks. It flew from STS-9 to the Neurolab mission of 1998.